The Sun appears to have a cycle of about 11 years during which it waxes and wanes. What happens to the positron? evolution, in order of increasing mass? A) Energy is produced in the convection zone by thermal radiation. As magnetic activity increases, the sunspots form lower down and in greater numbers. B Energy from the core of the Sun first travels slowly through the convection zone and then much faster through the radiation zone. (1gallon of water is 8.36 pounds), Question 5 of 20 Which of the following statements about the sunspot cycle is not true? Which of the following cannot be attributed to the effects of Earth's rotation? What two physical processes balance each other to create the condition known as gravitational equilibrium in stars? 1. They also can create more auroras and can be a danger to satellites. An ice storm breaks a transmission line and interrupts electric power to a town. E) a million years ago. 4. Briefly explain why sunspots are cooler than surrounding regions of the Sun and why they look dark in photos. A) We can probe the interior of the Sun by studying the vibrations in its photosphere. The magnetic fields underlying sunspots are believed to be generated by the suns rotation, which causes a dynamo effect and creates the intense magnetic fields. A They can have strong magnetic fields that create solar bursts that can cause solar storms on Earth. The region principally absorbs gamma rays, X-rays, and interacts with the solar wind. 9. D) a few hundred thousand years ago. Solar activity causes the responses in the near-Earth space environment that produce changes in the radiation belts, so an understanding of how the Sun changes is directly relevant to space weather. a. One way to track the solar cycle is by counting the number of sunspots. impossible, because one cannot have cool stars above the main. How can we measure the strength of magnetic fields on the Sun? What was the major drawback to this idea? Sunspots can appear in both the northern and southern hemispheres of the Sun, and usually occur in pairs of opposite magnetic polarity. In . A Sunspots are darker than the surrounding solar surface because they are caused by concentrations of strong magnetic fields that inhibit convective currents, preventing the transfer of heat from the interior of the Sun to the surface. What keeps the Sun's outer layers from continuing to fall inward in a gravitational collapse? B) They are extremely rare. At the center of the Sun, fusion converts hydrogen into For example, by detecting solar neutrinos we can learn more about the fusion that is going on within the Sun's core. they D) 50 billion years. They collapse and become black holes. For observers in the Northern Hemisphere, which of the following is true? apparent brightness against intrinsic brightness of a group of. C) The Sun emits light of longer average wavelength. B) the strong wind that blows sunspots around on the surface of the Sun A) The chromosphere is the source of ultraviolet light, and the corona is the source of X rays. The core of the Sun is at a temperature of about 20,000 K. The proton-proton chain converts four hydrogen nuclei into one helium nucleus. D) core, corona, radiation zone, convection zone, photosphere, chromosphere, What are the appropriate units for the Sun's luminosity? C) The Sun generates energy through nuclear reactions while nuclear power plants generate energy through chemical reactions. The photosphere is relatively thin compared to the other atmospheric regions. b. B. ionization energy is the amount of energy used to add an electron to an atom. which of the following is not true of sunspots? When we say that the Sun is a ball of plasma, we mean that B) core, convection zone, radiation zone, corona, chromosphere, photosphere a. Convection, or the movement of gas or liquid caused by heat transfer, is not a cause of sunspots, but is instead impeded by the strong magnetic fields that cause sunspots. produces photochemical smog. In the center section near to the Sun's position, with lower mass, d. core temperatures reached at this stage of development is. C) It is rapidly converted to energy when it meets an ordinary electron, resulting in matter-antimatter annihilation. Based on its surface temperature of 6,000 K, most photons that leave the Sun's surface lie in which region of the electromagnetic spectrum? The neutrinos are about twice as energetic on average than is. Which of the following is NOT true about the differences between vector data model and raster data model?. What evidence then do we have to support our current ideas about the solar interior? D) We are seeing hot gas rising and cool gas falling due to the convection that occurs beneath the surface. d. A) Contracting objects cool down rather than heat up. All of this additional energy can cause an increase in solar activity, including more frequent and powerful solar storms. Sunspots are cooler than the surrounding solar surface because additional contains hot B-type stars on the main sequence and cooler G- and, K-type d. with a precise period of 11.3 years. Submarine canyons are deep valleys at passive continental boundaries. The ozonosphere is critical to life because it? Two of the protons are converted into neutrinos. E. Atmospheric pressure is greatest in the mesosphere. B) ejected into space by solar flares. D) None; they are blocked by the Earth's atmosphere. At the center of the Sun, nuclear fusion converts hydrogen into to force it to move in an orbit. B) The problem arose only because experimental data were being misinterpreted; on re-examination, the old data showed that the expected number of neutrinos were being detected. B Which is closest to the temperature of the core of the Sun? E. A) about one meter D) The Sun gets heavier as it gets older, and the stronger inward pull of gravity increases the fusion rate. D) The planets need more and more energy to maintain any life on them as time goes on, and therefore the Sun must bet hotter. Sunspots have been observed by astronomers and recorded since the time of Galileo and they have been used to track solar activity. A) The number of sunspots peaks approximately every 11 years. 3. C) The Sun initially began making energy through chemical reactions. Sunspots can last anywhere from a few hours to several months. E) The Sun does not emit neutrinos. The proton-proton chain is C) Energy is transported outward by the rising of hot plasma and the sinking of cooler plasma. E) The rate of nuclear fusion in the Sun peaks about every 11 years. B) As the Sun was forming, gravitational contraction increased the Sun's temperature until the core become hot enough for nuclear fusion, which ever since has generated the heat that makes the Sun shine. They can spawn eruptive disturbances such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The light radiated from the Sun's surface reaches Earth in about 8 minutes, but the energy of that light was released by fusion in the solar core about Both natural and anthropogenic gases, particles, and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. The temperature of the Sun's photosphere is, 11. Sunspots occur in a regular cycle, with the number of sunspots occurring in any given year peaking and waning. What is the term for loops or sheets of glowing gas ejected from active regions on the solar surface? 28. B C. the orientation of Earth's axis D) because they rarely interact with matter The Sun is a relatively young star, near the beginning of its life. C) The churning is an illusion created by varying radiation, as the gas on the Sun's surface is actually quite still. D A magnet, for example, may attract another thing. Sunspots can also be the precursors to solar flares, which can be dangerous to satellites, astronauts, and electrical grids on Earth. 2. to theoretical models of the Sun. B) It is the primary energy generation mechanism in the Sun today. *c. C) They are regions nearly devoid of gas. And at minimum you have a minimum number of sunspots, and at maximum, a maximum. The corona is even shaped differently, streaming more from the sides of the Sun instead of forming a more spherical shape around the Sun, as when the magnetic field is weaker. Together, these two factors lead to sunspots appearing darker than the rest of the Sun. These models make predictions about how bright and how big the Sun is, which we can then compare with observations. Acid deposition is deposition that measures more than 7.0 on a pH scale. It has a ratio of turns N1/N2N_1 / N_2N1/N2 of 100 to 1. The main cause of sunspots is the suns magnetic field. However, as geologists and paleontologists found evidence for an ancient Earth, astronomers realized that gravitational collapse could not be the dominant energy source of our Sun today. The Sun's surface seethes and churns with a bubbling pattern. Question there were no dark energy, the expansion of the universe would be: constant accelerating decelerating . D) We see many sunspots on the surface of the Sun. 480 km (300 mi) above the Earth's surface. D. Nowhere on Earth does day length vary by as much as 24 hours. E) The Sun is generating energy other than by nuclear fusion. A) The rate at which fusion occurs would increase, leading to a contraction of the core, which would in turn cause the temperature to rise even further. The CFC molecules react with ultraviolet light to release fluorine which then destroys ozone. D Sunspots are dark, cooler areas of the solar surface that appear darker when compared to the rest of the surface due to the intense magnetic fields surrounding them. D) The electron neutrinos created in the Sun's core change into another type of neutrino that we did not detect. This inhibition of convection causes the temperature of the sunspot to reduce, making it much cooler than its surroundings. A) the uppermost layer of the Sun, lying just above the corona ________ refers to changes in daylength and the Sun's altitude over the course of the year. A) Theoretical models predict that neutrinos should be produced in the Sun, but no neutrinos have ever been observed to be coming from the Sun. These dark spots, or sunspots, appear in clusters of various sizes and have a temperature that is about 1500C cooler than the suns surrounding surface. The Sun continued to contract until the core became hot enough to sustain nuclear fusion. B) The Sun's magnetic field, which plays a major role in the sunspot cycle, affects compass needles that we use on Earth. A) chemical reactions They are caused by intense magnetic fields that disrupt the flow of plasma, which is a superheated, electrically charged state of matter formed from the gases of the Sun. C) They are holes in the solar surface through which we can see to deeper, darker layers of the Sun. The people living at 40 N or S experience about six-hours difference in daylength from winter to summer. 1). C) small variations in the rate of nuclear energy generation in the solar interior C) The hydrogen gas in the Sun is balanced so that it never rises upward or falls downward. (It's even "on sale"!) sufficient to halt the collapse. D A) an imbalance in the operation of the solar thermostat D) areas in the corona that allow us to see through to the photosphere How much mass does the Sun lose through nuclear fusion per second? Describe a Laura y a Elin usando los verbos recprocos. B) remain stationary. B) nuclear fusion Elin la miraba con amor tambin. At the beginning of the period, sunspots form at higher latitudes. C) Like all objects, the Sun emits thermal radiation with a spectrum that depends on its temperature, and the Sun's surface temperature is just right for emitting mostly visible light. C Which of the following best explains why the Sun's luminosity gradually rises over billions of years? A CME erupted on Jan. 30, 2022. D Which of the following is not true about sunspots? B) They are regions that are significantly cooler than the rest of the photosphere. A) chromosphere. then E) magnetic fields lift material from the surface of the Sun, cooling off the material faster. sunspot equilibria). B) a slight gravitational contraction of the Sun By what process does the Sun generate energy? c. C) The Sun's mass is about 300,000 times the mass of Earth. C) our mathematical models of the solar interior are fairly accurate. b. D C) Our understanding of fusion in the Sun suggested that neutrinos should be destroyed before they arrive at Earth, yet neutrinos were being detected. A) helium, gamma rays, and neutrinos. C. potassiumhas a lower ionizationenergy than sodium D. . D) there is less fusion occurring there. C Jupiter's moons The planet Jupiter was accompanied by four tiny satellites which moved around it. Wayne didn't need a degree in _____ to know that the living version of the beast whose bones he discovered was _____ by human standards of beauty. is itchy, painful, red, or bleeding is unusual in color Preventing sunspots You may be able to prevent sunspots on your face by limiting your exposure to UVA and UVB rays. C) We have sent probes below the surface of the Sun. Solely natural gases, particles, and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. The sunspot cycle, a huge effect, was not discovered until 1843 by Samuel Heinrich Schwabe.The German amateur astronomer was looking for a planet inside the orbit of Mercury and made careful daily drawings to track its passage across the face of the Sun. As this question implies, safety precautions must be taken in the use of home generators and during power failures in general. Gravitational equilibrium means that the surface and the core of the Sun are at the same pressure. C) magnetic fields trap ionized gases that absorb light. B Why are humans and other living things not crushed by the pressure of the atmosphere? D) Coronal mass ejections and other activity associated with the sunspot cycle can disrupt radio communications and knock out sensitive electronic equipment. , its "bank" condition, the borrow material has a moist unit weight of 129pcf, a water content of, 16.5% and an in place void ratio of 0.620. B. Most of the energy produced in the Sun is released in the form of visible light from the photosphere. Sunspots can appear in groups, or clusters, and their life-cycle can last from days to weeks to months. its original magnitude. Earth represents an open system in terms of energy. true or false: sunspots appear dark because they are hotter than the surrounding gas of the photosphere. C A elements toward the bottom of a group periodic table generally have higher ionization energies than elements at the top of a group. Yes, sunspots are an indication of increased activity on the Suns surface. The overall result of the proton-proton chain is c. Magnetism is a physical quality mediated by a magnetic field that refers to the ability to create attracted and repulsive occurrences in other substances. B) With each subsequent peak in the number of sunspots, the magnetic polarity of the Sun is the reverse of the previous peak. B) They are all shaped by the solar wind. C) This process could not possibly lead to the observed power output of the Sun. Main sequence stars White dwarfs Red dwarfs Red giant stars Sun-like stars QUESTION 31 Which of the following statements about sunspots is NOT true? B) With each subsequent peak in the number of sunspots, the magnetic polarity of the Sun is the reverse of the previous peak. The cycle then repeats for another 11 years with the magnetic poles of the Sun flipped. A) More sunspots indicate increased solar radiation. A) The sunspot cycle is very steady, so that each 11-year cycle is nearly identical to every other 11-year cycle. 2. D) repel each other. C 1.A. D) 600 million tons These . The Montreal Protocol B) Fusion in the Sun's core creates neutrinos. D) Both have approximately the same mass. What proportion of climate scientists has concluded that humans are the primary driver of today's climate warming? C) Energy slowly leaks outward through the radiative diffusion of photons that repeatedly bounce off ions and electrons. After 11 years the Sun's magnetic polarity flips again, completing the 22-year period. The fundamental nuclear reaction occurring in the core of the Sun is D. the timing of Earth's perihelion and aphelion They are cooler because their strong magnetic fields suppress convection and prevent hotter material from flowing into them. in correct order of increasing temperature? Why does the surface of the Sun appear to have a sharp edge? C) Fusion reactions in the Sun have ceased. A mi padre y a m (nos-te) importan los actores de Hollywood. This is because large magnetic fields are concentrated in these areas, inhibiting convection and cooling the surface. First you will feel the light pressure of particles from the solar wind. C) The number of solar flares peaks about every 11 years. B) observing X-ray images of the solar interior using satellites It is held up by gas pressure due to the very high temperature, b. E) all of the above. finally hotter. C) It has played a role throughout the Sun's history, but it was most important right after nuclear fusion began in the Sun's core. The 11 year sunspot cycle on the Sun is, a. , A new embankment, when completed will occupy a net volume of 257,000cy. Ozone in the lower troposphere C) because they move at nearly the speed of light producing excess energy and therefore will not produce the. a subjective determination of temperature. Sunspots are regions on the suns surface that appear darker than their surroundings because they feature slightly cooler temperatures than their surroundings. 30. Because of a combination of thin, icy clouds and Antarctic wind patterns which trap chlorine freed from CFCs. A) It predicted that the Sun would shrink noticeably as we watched it, but the Sun appears to be stable in size. Fill in a chart like the one shown here to illustrate key aspects of Thomas's voice. is sequence d. a. Which of the following correctly compares the Sun's energy generation process to the energy generation process in human-built nuclear power plants? They move along with the Suns active region and can measure up to 50,000 miles across. Which of the following is true regarding day length? The corona and chromosphere are hotter than the photosphere. D These are now known as the Galilean moons: Io, Ganymede, Europa and Callisto. E) The mass of a neutrino is 30 percent of the mass of an electron. b. A) 6 H becomes 1 He + energy. thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen in the Sun's surface layers, *d. 23. Day-length decreases from the winter solstice until the vernal equinox, when it begins to increase. A) tunnels in the outer layers of the Sun that allow photons to escape and form the solar wind Which is the correct sequence for the following end-points of. Why must the Sun's rate of fusion gradually rise over billions of years? A) Nuclear fusion in the Sun's core produces visible light photons. What is the surface temperature of the Sun? from A) strong force Only about 1/3 of the expected number of neutrinos is observed. It increases to 4 times its original magnitude. B. Sunspots are dark patches on the surface of the Sun caused by strong concentrations of magnetic fields. How do we know how old the solar system is quizlet. Sunspots are typically more common in higher latitudes of the Sun and will appear as dark, round patches. C) sun spots A) several thousand years ago. Sunspots have been continuously counted each day since 1838, which has allowed solar scientists to describe a repeating pattern in the wax and wane of activity on the Sun's surfacethe solar. 10 km (6.21 mi) above the Earth's surface. D) The higher temperature would not affect the fusion rate but would cause the core to expand and cool until the temperature returned to normal, with the core at a new, slightly larger size. C) nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. Sunspots tend to occur in cycles that last 11 years and the peak phase of this cycle is often referred to as the Solar Maximum. Which of the following radioactive isotopes is used to date very recent events? E) join together to form a nucleus. which of the folloing statements about ionization energy is true? B) joules On a power pole down the block is a transformer designed to step down the voltage for household use. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. D d. What is the Sun made of (by mass)? B) This process would power the Sun for only about 25 million years, but geologists already had evidence the Earth was much older than that. D) the winding of magnetic field lines due to differential rotation It is the largest galaxy in the universe Which of the following is true? Why do sunspots appear dark? What is the primary source of energy for the Sun? B TrueFalse. A) The Sun is generating much less energy than we think it is. A) The Sun becomes much brighter. A) The Sun generates energy by fusing small nuclei into larger ones, while our power plants generate energy by the fission (splitting) of large nuclei. Solar neutrinos coming from the Sun have been detected, but in fewer numbers than predicted by theoretical models. and C) holes in the corona of the Sun that allow us to see the photosphere Not only is Earth suddenly spinning faste r, but our Sun is getting more active than NASA predicted. It is intrinsically brighter than the Sun. Hint 1. Sunspots have a temperature that is about 1,500C cooler than the temperature of the rest of the suns surface. method of calculating distance on a map. E) all of the above. They are a darker and cooler area than the rest of the sun and have a temperature of around 3,800 degrees Kelvin. A) Gravitational contraction involves nuclear fusion, which generates a lot of heat. D) The Sun generates energy through fission while nuclear power plants generate energy through fusion. (Image credit: SOHO) The first of these refers to strong disturbances to Earth's magnetic field caused by ejected solar. D d. sulfur oxides and ozone B This reduces the energy reaching the surface, and the spots appear much cooler and darker than their surroundings. B) at the same temperature but denser than the surface. D) trillions of degrees. C) The Sun's entire magnetic field flip-flops at the end of each cycle (at solar minimum). A) it is too dangerous to send the Space Shuttle to service satellites during solar maximum. What is shown by the small-scale changes in the shading in the figure above? Which of the following can be used to determine the temperature of a star? Curious about the Sun, Galileo used his telescope to learn more. The spectral class of the star Enif is K2 while that of the Sun is, G2. Sunspots appear darker than the surrounding area because the magnetic field reduces the temperature at the location of the sunspot. What is a possible solution to the solar neutrino problem? Laura miraba a Elin con amor. *d. unevenly mixed gases that act independently. The Sun has sufficient hydrogen to continue fusing into helium for how much longer? - In this case, circle the word le. The helium produced from the fusion of hydrogen has less mass than the hydrogen that goes into its formation. About six times as many neutrinos are observed than expected from, c. C) variations of the solar thermostat five regions beginning with the outermost thermosphere. They are cooler than the surrounding photosphere of the Sun. C) It is physically impossible to generate heat simply by making a star shrink in size. And the cycle is 11 years, so in the next few years we'll be seeing more sunspots. D) nuclear fusion. absorbs visible light wavelengths. Modelo A Mara (le-les) encantan las pelculas romnticas. B) red The lifetimes of stars are too long to measure, so it is not. C. Day length varies more at the equator than at higher latitudes. They are distributed approximately uniformly over the Sun's surface both in position and in time. C. D) The cycle is truly a cycle of magnetic activity, and variations in the number of sunspots are only one manifestation of the cycle. Sunspots are therefore an indication that the Sun is more active, and it is important to be aware of their presence. These spots are the result of two traits of the sun: its strong magnetic field, and its violent convective motion. A) solar neutrinos New resources and matter are being added to Earth's systems all the time. B) use hot gas to create a small Sun in a laboratory. A) because there are so rare The solar thermostat is analogous to the thermostat at home: it works to maintain a constant temperature. B) because they have no mass Sunspots typically occur in groups, with individual sunspots ranging in size from roughly 16 miles to over 80,000 miles across. Solar radiation arriving at Earth's atmosphere and surface is called, The uneven distribution of insolation by latitude is primarily a result of. D) The solar neutrino problem remains as perplexing as ever, and indeed makes everything we think we know about stars suspect. Melt from the subducting plate rises to the surface, erupts through the . C) They are all strongly influenced by magnetic fields on the Sun. computer-based processing tool for analyzing geographic data. We also use observations of vibrations on the Sun to learn about its interior structure in much the same way we use seismic testing on Earth. one continuous zone that functions as a whole. The ESSAY. C Sunspots can form individually and can come in clusters of multiple sunspots. A) remain stationary. D) It predicted that Earth would also shrink in size with time, which would make it impossible to have stable geology on our planet. Show explanation. Which of the following is true with respect to the. Daylength is longest on the summer solstice and is shortest on the winter solstice. is lost from the atom, and energy is equivalent to mass, c. B D You can do this by:. D. It decreases to 1/2 its original magnitude. A system and radically alter the evolution and behavior of the, a. B) 3 He 1 C + energy. As it contracted, its gravitational potential energy was converted to thermal energy. Why, then, does it require four protons. Sunspots are really darker than the surrounding photosphere, and thus appear as black spots on the sun's surface. The borrow material that will be used to construct this fill is stiff clay. D) The Sun has exhausted its supply of neutrinos. decreases as mass increases and decreases beyond this limit. Two of the protons are ejected back into the solar material. Sunspots are often associated with large eruptions on the suns surface known as solar flares. b. nitric acid and sulfuric acid, formed from nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide. Thermonuclear fusion reactions in the core of the Sun convert four, hydrogen Fusion of iron nuclei into heavier nuclei requires energy rather, than You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. ~ Very strong energy source production ofjets formed in isolated areas varies on extremely long timescales strong radio source 1/ point 1/ point 1/ point.
How Long Does Toenail Fungus Live On Surfaces, 7 Stages Before The Collapse Of An Empire, Steve Avery Baseball Net Worth, Articles W